Are high school students accurate in predicting their AP exam scores?: Examining inaccuracy and overconfidence of students’ predictions

We examined whether students were accurate in predicting their test performance both low-stakes and high-stakes testing contexts. The sample comprised U.S. high school enrolled an advanced placement (AP) statistics course during the 2017–2018 academic year (N = 209; Mage 16.6 years). found that even two months before taking AP exam, a stakes summative assessment, moderately actual scores (?weighted .62). When same variables entered into models inaccuracy overconfidence bias, results did not provide evidence age, gender, parental education, number of mathematics classes previously taken, or engagement accounted for variation accuracy. Overconfidence bias differed between at different schools. Results indicated students’ predictions positively associated with low- findings shed light on ways to leverage self-assessment learning.